1. Backup your data: Connect an external hard drive or use cloud storage to back up your important files.
2. Restart your Mac: Click on the Apple menu in the top-left corner of the screen and choose "Restart."
3. Enter macOS Recovery Mode: While your Mac is restarting, hold down the Command (⌘) and R keys simultaneously until the Apple logo or a spinning globe appears. This will boot your Mac into macOS Recovery Mode.
4. Choose Disk Utility: In macOS Recovery Mode, select "Disk Utility" and click "Continue."
5. Select the disk: In Disk Utility, select the disk you want to format from the list of available disks on the left sidebar. Typically, it is named "Macintosh HD" or something similar.
6. Erase the disk: Click on the "Erase" button at the top of the Disk Utility window. Choose a suitable format for your disk, such as "Mac OS Extended (Journaled)" or the newer "APFS" format, depending on your Mac and the version of macOS you plan to install.
7. Name the disk: Give the formatted disk a name. This will be the name of your startup disk.
8. Erase the disk: Click on the "Erase" button to begin the formatting process. Disk Utility will warn you that erasing the disk will delete all data. Confirm that you have backed up your data and then proceed.
9. Wait for the erasing process: Disk Utility will format and erase the disk. The time required will depend on the size and speed of your disk.
10. Exit Disk Utility: Once the formatting process is complete, close Disk Utility to return to the macOS Utilities window.
11. Reinstall macOS: In the macOS Utilities window, select "Reinstall macOS" or "Reinstall OS X," depending on your macOS version. Follow the on-screen instructions to reinstall macOS on the formatted disk. This will download and install a fresh copy of macOS on your Mac.
12. Complete the installation: Once the installation is complete, your Mac will restart, and you'll be guided through the initial setup process. Follow the prompts to set up your Mac and restore your files from the backup you created earlier.
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